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| 1883 Sint Maarten - Philipsburg - The peninsula that separates the Little Bay and Great Bay |
Philipsburg is the main town and capital of Sint Maarten (a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, which encompasses the southern 40% of the Caribbean island of Saint Martin, while the northern 60% of the island constitutes the French overseas collectivity of Saint-Martin). The town has about 1,400 inhabitants, and consists of four parallel streets situated on a narrow stretch of land between Great Bay (where the cruise ships dock), and the Great Salt Pond (where salt was made many years ago).
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| 1884 Sint Maarten - Philipsburg - Cruise ships docked |
The island was first sighted by Christopher Columbus on 11 November (St. Martin's Day) 1493, but there was already an Arawak settlement there before his "discovery". Philipsburg was founded in 1763 by John Philips, a Scottish captain in the Dutch navy, the settlement soon becoming a bustling centre of international trade, and since 1768 the Dutch capital. Two historic forts bear witness to Philipsburg's strategic importance: Fort Amsterdam (the first Dutch military outpost in the Caribbean) and Fort Willem (built in 1801 by the British).
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| 1885 Sint Maarten - Philipsburg - On the beach |
Although most of the vessels that arrive in the harbor today are cruise ships (like Celebrity Solstice, Crown Princess, Disney Magic, and since 2010, Oasis of the Seas) international trade still thrives in St. Maarten thanks to its status as a leading duty-free port. The main shopping district, Front Street, is in the heart of the city, and is lined with duty-free shops offering everything from Italian leather goods and Japanese cameras to native crafts. Over the last few years it was beautified with paving stones, benches, new sidewalks, palm trees, and cast iron streetlights.
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| 1886 Sint Maarten - Philipsburg - The cruise ship Crown Princess docked |
Actually, the entire area has been improved greatly over the last few years. The harbor was dredged so that cruise ships could tie up at a new terminal. The sand from the dredging was used to replenish Great Bay beach and a boardwalk was built running the length of the beach. The narrow alleyways which connects the four main streets lead in either direction to arcades and courtyards filled with flowers. Visitors will also find examples of traditional West Indian architecture, including characteristic pastel-colored houses with second-story verandas looking out over the street.
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| 1887 Sint Maarten - Philipsburg |
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