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| 3001 Basilica Cathedral of Arequipa and volcano Misti |
Founded in 1540 in a valley that had been intensively farmed by pre-Hispanic communities, Arequipa was highly important during the Colonial period, and after Peru gained its independence from Spain, was declared the capital city of Peru from 1835 to 1883. The historic centre of Arequipa, built in volcanic sillar rock (white and pink), represents an integration of European and native building techniques and characteristics, expressed in the work of colonial masters and Criollo and Indian masons, the result being a unique style called Escuela Arequipeña.
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