The Dome of the Rock is an Islamic shrine located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem. It was initially completed in 691-692 CE at the order of Umayyad CaliphAbd al-Malik during the Second Fitna on the site of the Second Jewish Temple, destroyed during the Roman Siege of Jerusalem in 70 CE. The original dome collapsed in 1015 and was rebuilt in 1022-1023, being in its core one of the oldest extant works of Islamic architecture, even if it was patterned after nearby Byzantine churches and palaces.
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